Conjugation of the Auxiliary Verb "Esse"
The Latin language has only one auxiliary verb, "esse", equivalent to the verb "to be".
| Singular | Singular | Plural | Plural |
| Present Tense |
sum | I am | sumus | we are |
es | you are | estis | you are |
est | he is | sunt | they are |
| Imperfect Tense |
eram | I was | eramus | we were |
eras | you were | eratis | you were |
erat | he was | erant | they were |
| Simple Future Tense |
ero | I shall be | erimus | we shall be |
eris | you will be | eritis | you will be |
erit | he will be | erunt | they will be |
Perfect Tense |
fui | I was or I have been | fuimus | we were or we have been |
fuisti | you were or you have been | fuistis | you were or you have been |
fuit | he was or he has been | fuerunt | they were or they have been |
| Pluperfect Tense |
fueram | I had been | fueramus | we had been |
fueras | you had been | fueratis | you had been |
fuerat | he had been | fuerant | they had been |
Future Perfect Tense |
fuero | I shall have been | fuerimus | we shall have been |
fueris | you will have been | fueritis | you will have been |
fuerit | he will have been | fuerint | they will have been |